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Cake day: July 20th, 2023

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  • The biggest delays for ITER were all political in deciding where it would be built and who would contribute what. Yes, there’s been some technical delays since then, but compared to other projects of this scale it has actually gone fairly well.

    The DEMO units to follow ITER should be able to be built by individual nations. Those should go a lot faster and hence cheaper. The whole point of structuring ITER the way they did was to give all the contributing countries experience in every critical system. That’s very inefficient for this particular project, but should make follow up projects a lot more feasible.











  • I think they would have to be able to actively jettison all the modules. For one, a loose cluster will be really hard to predict the impact zone. NASA does try to make sure debris falls over large areas of open ocean.

    But I also think it isn’t operationally workable. I don’t think the joints can be remotely disconnected. That means your suggestion requires having crew on board or maybe even doing a series of spacewalks to do this work. I don’t think NASA would be ok with having a bunch of loose and uncontrolled modules in the vicinity of crew spacewalking and eventually a departing capsule. It would be really hard to manage collision risk in that scenario.

    So I think either they would try to ditch the solar panels in a controlled fashion so they can more accurately deorbit the whole thing into the pacific, or they’ll have to develope small bolt on thruster packs that can safely jettison the modules 1 by 1.



  • Check out this map of average daily solar irradiance.

    https://nsrdb.nrel.gov/assets/NSRDB Graphic Update 2021 09 22.6d4966d2.jpg

    As mentioned by other comments, water plays a huge role in absorbing and transporting heat as well as diffusing and reflecting light. As a result, many non equitorial regions are just as sunny as equitorial regions.

    Your core premise also has a lot more nuance than you seem to realize. We have seasons because the earth’s tilt moves the maximum solar radiance up and down the tropics. The equator is only the sunniest latitude during the equinoxes. The change in latitude of the sunniest spot (subsolar point) shifts the fastest during the equinoxes since that’s the steepest part of the sine wave. The subsolar point stalls over 23.4 degrees N in June and 23.4 degrees S in Dec. These are the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsolar_point The increased length of day also exaggerates the effect of the subsolar point drifting. That makes the intensity of summer heat worse than the heat the equator experiences. Any latitude between the tropics actually has two periods of maximum solar intensity per year. If you look at a map of desert biomes, a lot of them are near the tropics.


  • EUV was really hard to crack, but now that they have it working, refinements seem to be going well.

    Also, the size of features hasn’t actually shrunk all that much from 32nm. What has really improved is the geometry of the transistors and wiring. This allows them to pack many more transistors in the area even if the lithography resolution hasn’t actually increased 16 fold. The 2nm name is just describing the relative increase in transistor density compared to the old layouts and densities.

    ASML, TSMC and Intel are doing great work though. My comment is not meant to diminish what they’ve accomplished.